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Volume 15, Number 2
Omar MERGHEMI, Mohmed Anis KLIBET, Toufik ZERMANE
Abstract: This study investigates the adoption and a future prospect of Internet of Things technology in Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Qatar. It draws on official data, government and international reports, and peer-reviewed literature across key sectors, including industry, energy, healthcare, and transportation. Employing a descriptive-analytical methodology, the study applies benchmarking and comparative trend analysis to assess IoT adoption in both quantitative and sectoral terms. Quantitative indicators—such as market size, number of connected devices, and sectoral investments from 2019 to 2025—are systematically examined. The analysis identifies critical barriers, including cybersecurity risks, high infrastructure costs, fragmented legal frameworks, and integration difficulties with legacy systems, and demonstrates their constraining effects on scalability. A benchmarking exercise with China highlights similarities and divergences in policy effectiveness and digital transformation strategies. The findings indicate that Saudi Arabia and the UAE are progressing more rapidly than Qatar in smart city and industrial IoT investments, while China’s integrated innovation model provides transferable lessons. The study concludes with targeted recommendations—such as harmonising regulatory frameworks, fostering digital talent, and expanding advanced infrastructure—to accelerate IoT adoption and strengthen the Arab region’s digital economy.
Keywords: Internet of Things; Economic Development; Digital Transformation; Technology Adoption; Arab Economies.
DOI:10.5937/JEMC2502083M
APPLICATION OF THE STRIDE FRAMEWORK IN A MICROSERVICE APPLICATION FOR ELECTRONIC BUSINESS
Tamara MILIC, Zeljko STOJANOV, Igor VECSTEJN
Abstract: In this paper, we identify security threats in a microservice-based application using the STRIDE framework. The study addresses the question of how the architecture of STRIDE procedure, which is aligned with Data Flow Diagram (DFD) trust boundaries, can support early threat identification in microservice architecture. STRIDE methodology is used for categorizing security threats based on six criteria: identity spoofing, data falsification, denial of action or responsibility, information disclosure, denial of service, and privilege escalation. In addition, STRIDE enables assessment of the severity and status of the identified threats. The research relies on the creation of microservice architectural model created in draw.io and DFD of application that was constructed with Microsoft Threat Modeling Tool. Applied to the case study system, the procedure identified 52 threats that were dominated by Spoofing (29%) and Denial of Service (25%), followed by Elevation of Privilege (21%), Repudiation (17%), and Information Disclosure and Tampering (4% each). The paper presents a simple STRIDE procedure that can be reused for other microservice applications. It includes four steps: prepare an architectural diagram, create a DFD with trust boundaries, run STRIDE analysis in a certain tool, and summarize results in a matrix of threats per microservice to support prioritization of mitigation measures.
Keywords:Microservice architecture; Application security; Vulnerability; STRIDE; Microsoft Threat Modeling Tool.
DOI:10.5937/JEMC2502100M
Yohana Arsen RUTABA, Noel Peter MROPE, Leonada Raphael MWAGIKE
Abstract: Frequent and severe disasters continue to expose weaknesses in the coordination and responsiveness of humanitarian logistics systems, particularly in developing countries such as Tanzania. Despite the growing recognition that collaboration among humanitarian actors is vital for effective relief operations, empirical evidence linking logistics collaboration to disaster resilience remains limited. This study investigates the influence of logistics collaboration on resilient disaster relief operations in Tanzania, emphasising the role of coordinated efforts among humanitarian actors. The study adopts a positivist philosophy and employs an explanatory research design. Data were collected from humanitarian practitioners across Dodoma, Dar es Salaam, and Kigoma using questionnaires and interviews. Guided by Stakeholder Theory and Resource Orchestration Theory, the study used Slovin’s formula to select a sample of 192 respondents from a population of 369. Data were analysed using SPSS version 27, applying both quantitative and qualitative methods through a multiple linear regression model. Logistics collaboration positively and significantly influences resilient disaster relief operations. All six logistics collaboration variables (LOC1–LOC6) show statistically significant effects (p = 0.000), with an R-squared of 0.77 and an adjusted R-squared of 0.75. The strongest predictor is joint planning and coordination (LOC1, β = 0.417), followed by shared resources and mutual trust (LOC4, β = 0.329) and collaborative decision-making (LOC2, β = 0.312). Lower yet significant effects were observed for information sharing and response alignment (LOC5–LOC6). The findings provide actionable strategies for humanitarian organisations to prioritise collaboration mechanisms that enhance operational resilience during disasters. Enhanced collaboration in logistics contributes to faster and more coordinated disaster response, reducing human suffering and improving community recovery. Future studies could use broader samples and longitudinal designs. This study is among the first to apply stakeholder and RO theories in humanitarian logistics collaboration, offering robust empirical insights into resilience-building strategies.
Keywords:Logistics collaboration; Horizontal collaboration; Vertical collaboration; Disaster relief operations; Humanitarian organisations.
DOI:10.5937/JEMC2502110R
Stefan UGRINOV, Nataša ĐALIĆ, Luka ĐORĐEVIĆ, Borivoj NOVAKOVIĆ, Velibor PREMČEVSKI
Abstract: This paper analyzes the influence of sustainable logistics practices and ICT based maintenance on business performance in manufacturing enterprises in Serbia. The study focuses on green transportation practices, efficient warehousing operations, sustainable packaging and materials management, and ICT based maintenance. A quantitative survey was conducted with 42 managers, and all constructs were measured with a seven point Likert scale. The results show that all four independent variables have positive and statistically significant effects on business performance. Efficient warehousing operations show the strongest influence, while green transportation, sustainable packaging, and ICT based maintenance also contribute to performance improvement. The findings indicate that sustainability oriented logistics practices and digital maintenance systems act as complementary sources of operational progress in manufacturing. The study has several limitations, including a small sample size, and a single country context. Future research may include larger samples, comparative sector analyses and longitudinal designs. The results provide guidance for managers who aim to improve business performance through coordinated sustainability and digitalization activities. The regression analysis shows that the model explains 57.6% of the variance in business performance (R² = 0.578). Efficient warehousing operations have the strongest standardized effect (β = 0.314), followed by green transportation practices (β = 0.265), ICT-based maintenance (β = 0.245), and sustainable packaging and materials management (β = 0.198)
Keywords:Sustainable logistics; Business performance; ICT-based maintenance; Productivity; Manufacturing enterprises.
DOI:10.5937/JEMC2502130U
APPLICATION OF THE 10R STRATEGY AND 7S TOOLS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF WEARABLE SENSORS
Miloš VORKAPIĆ, Stefan D. ILIĆ, Marko SPASENOVIĆ, Miloš VASIĆ, Miguel A. CARVAJAL, Alberto J. PALMA, Dragan KRECULJ
Abstract: This paper presents the integration of the 10Rs of the circular economy (CE) strategy with the 7S tools of Lean manufacturing, and lifecycle management of wearable sensors. The presented algorithm, based on CE, and the application of additive manufacturing (AM) in the realization of a modular enclosure from biodegradable polymer material, demonstrate a strategy for the sustainable development of prototypes with low material waste, rapid design changes, ease of disassembly and assembly, reuse, repair, and revitalization. The stated algorithm closes the circle between design, use, maintenance, and end-of-life of a product, incorporating sustainability into everyday engineering decisions through the example of wearable sensors. The electronic enclosure shown in the work is compact; it can be worn around the waist or secured to the head with a flexible tape. The results showed that the 10R/7S connection raises the enterprises’ competitiveness through efficient production, extended product life, and reduced waste, while simultaneously addressing challenges such as regulatory observation, affordability, and user feedback after long-term product use. The study confirms a practical methodology for applying CE principles to wearable sensor systems and highlights opportunities for modular improvements, serviceability, and the use of environmentally friendly materials. The work contributes to engineering and product design by gathering sustainable product development and more effective product lifecycle management.
Keywords:10R strategy; 7S tools; Circular economy; Additive technology; Wearable sensors; Body temperature.
DOI:10.5937/JEMC2502144V
Mokhtar IDRISSI, Youcef SOUAR
Abstract: This paper examines contemporary trends in human resource practices in light of rapid technological developments, with a focus on the growing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into organisations undergoing digital transformation. Through a bibliometric analysis of 715 Scopus-indexed publications on AI in HRM from 2010 to 2024, the study reveals a significant increase in scholarly output since 2018. This reflects the transformative role of AI in reshaping HR functions. The findings identify India, China and the United States as major contributors to this field of research, while also highlighting the underrepresentation of Arab regions. Prominent research topics include AI-based decision-making, machine learning applications, and ethical considerations. The analysis also emphasises extensive international collaboration, particularly with the United States acting as a central node in global research networks. The findings emphasise the potential of AI to enhance recruitment, performance management and operational efficiency in HR. However, challenges such as implementation costs, ethical dilemmas and the need to upskill the workforce remain critical barriers. The study recommends strengthening digital skills, promoting rigorous research, and developing inclusive policies to enable ethical and successful AI integration in HR functions across economic organisations.
Keywords:Human resource management; Artificial intelligence; Bibliometric analysis.
DOI:10.5937/JEMC2502158I