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Volume 16, Number 1
Ivana BOJIĆ, Olga MAŠIĆ, Milena CVJETKOVIĆ
Abstract: Modern technical development projects are characterized by high complexity, strong task interdependencies, and frequent changes during project execution, which makes coordination mechanisms and task organization critical factors influencing process performance. The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of a task-level coordination model, supported by workflow management and based on BPM and Lean principles, on process performance in technical development projects. The research was conducted as a case study using a comparative analysis of AS-IS and TO-BE process models, while process performance was evaluated using key performance indicators. The results show that the implementation of the task-based workflow coordination model led to a 41% reduction in average task duration, an increase in on-time task completion from 58% to 83%, and a reduction in delays from 42% to 17%. Correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between process transparency, task responsibility clarity, and process performance. Regression analysis showed that process transparency and task responsibility clarity have a statistically significant impact on on-time task completion, while process transparency has a significant negative impact on task duration. The scientific contribution of this paper lies in the development and empirical validation of a conceptual model demonstrating that a task-level coordination model influences process performance indirectly through process transparency and task responsibility clarity as mediating organizational variables.
Keywords: Task-level coordination; Process transparency; Task responsibility; Workflow management; Process performance; Technical development projects.
DOI: 10.5937/JEMC2600005B
André de WAAL
Abstract: This paper examines what is actually known about failure rates in improvement and transformation initiatives, and why the headline ‘~70% failure claim’ travels across domains. An integrative evidence synthesis maps failure-rate claims in academic and managerial literatures. Each claim is coded by failure type, unit of analysis, denominator, time horizon and rate form, and appraised for evidential robustness. Reported rates vary widely and are not comparable unless definitions, denominators and horizons are specified. Much academic repetition of ‘~70%’ relies on secondary citation or underspecified claims rather than recalculated rates. Managerial benchmarks frequently define ‘failure’ as the complement of a stringent top-box success threshold and/or as non-sustainment over multi-year horizons, yielding higher apparent failure prevalence than narrower endpoints. Overall, the evidence does not support treating ‘70% failure’ as a universal planning parameter; failure prevalence is best understood as a distribution conditional on what is counted and for how long. This study reframes the ‘70% debate’ as a measurement and reporting problem, integrates academic and managerial evidence using a failure-type taxonomy and robustness appraisal, and proposes a ‘Failure-Rate Reporting Minimum’ to make future claims more falsifiable and practically useful.
Keywords: Failure rate; Organizational change; Transformation; Continuous improvement; Measurement.
DOI: 10.5937/JEMC2600001W
Emmanuel M. IKART
Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly positioned as a strategic resource, yet its contribution to sustained competitive advantage remains uneven and theoretically fragmented. This study addresses this gap by conducting a systematic literature review (SLR) of 79 studies at the intersection of AI, information systems, and business strategy. Adopting a concept-centric and theory-building approach, the review synthesizes prior research to identify key mechanisms, inconsistencies, and boundary conditions shaping AI-enabled strategic outcomes. The findings reveal that AI does not create value as a standalone technological capability, but as part of a broader socio-technical system requiring alignment between digital capabilities, organizational processes, governance structures, and culture. Six interrelated themes are identified, encompassing technological foundations, value creation, task augmentation, decision support, leadership, and organizational integration. Cross-study analysis highlights persistent tensions—such as automation versus human judgment and efficiency versus strategic flexibility—that condition the realization of AI-driven value. Building on these insights, the study develops an integrative conceptual model that reconceptualizes strategic alignment as a dynamic, capability-driven, and tension-laden process. The model positions AI/IT capabilities as microfoundations that enable sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring, while emphasizing the mediating role of organizational culture and the importance of strategic orchestration. The study contributes to Information Systems and strategic management literature by advancing a configurational perspective on AI-enabled value creation, extending strategic alignment theory toward a dynamic and paradox-oriented view, and refining the microfoundations of dynamic capabilities in the context of AI. The findings also provide actionable guidance for organizations seeking to translate AI investments into sustained strategic value.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Information Systems; Machine Learning; Digital Transformation; Corporate Strategy; Innovation.
DOI: 10.5937/JEMC2600004I
OCCUPATIONAL NOISE EXPOSURE ON CONSTRUCTION SITES: CONSEQUENCES FOR SAFETY MANAGEMENT
Željana KUŽET, Vladimir MUČENSKI, Selena SAMARDŽIĆ CVIJANOVIĆ, Jovana TOPALIĆ, Andrea IVANIŠEVIĆ, Goran BOŠKOVIĆ, Ranko MAKIVIĆ, Tamara GAJIĆ
Abstract: This study analyzes noise exposure among construction workers using hydraulic excavators at construction sites in Novi Sad and Subotica, based on 16 Sound Level Meter (SLM) measurements and one full-shift personal dosimetry measurement. The use of this methodology enabled the identification of the most common excavator activities and their manufacturers that produce noise in actual working conditions. The findings indicate significant differences in noise levels produced by excavators, depending on the manufacturer and the activities they perform. The results demonstrate the significance of combining the Sound Level Meter (SLM) with personal dosimetry, as personal dosimetry provides more reliable information about 8-hour work-shift exposure than a stationary SLM. In addition, results also showed an urgent need to reshape occupational safety management in construction. The principal scientific contribution is a novel Noise Risk Management Framework that translates measured acoustic parameters directly into operational management decisions for construction site managers.
Keywords: Noise; Construction; Excavators; Personal dosimeter; Sound Level Meter.
DOI: 10.5937/JEMC2600007K
DYNAMIC PANEL ANALYSIS OF THE DETERMINANTS OF HOTEL BUSINESS SUCCESS
Nikola RADIVOJEVIĆ, Dragan PAJIĆ, Miroslav PIMIĆ
Abstract: The study examines the impact of macroeconomic and microeconomic factors on hotel performance, measured by return on equity (ROE), in the Republic of Serbia. A dynamic panel data model was applied to a sample of 94 hotels. Macroeconomic indicators include GDP growth, inflation, political risk, infrastructure quality, and financial market development, while microeconomic factors cover service quality, management quality, employee pro-social behavior, guest satisfaction, and guest loyalty. The findings highlight the critical role of management quality in hotel driving performance. Conversely, high structural capital efficiency, unfavorable financial market conditions, and poor past performance negatively affect success. This research contributes to the hospitality literature by integrating macro- and micro-level determinants within a dynamic framework, offering insights for both policymakers and hotel managers on how external conditions and internal practices jointly shape financial outcomes. The main limitation of the study is its inability to test all variables simultaneously within a single model due to issues with the positive-definiteness of the matrix.
Keywords: Hotel industry; Microeconomic and macroeconomic factors; Panel data analysis; Serbia.
DOI: 10.5937/JEMC2600003R
PRIORITIZATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES FOR ROBOTIC AUTOMATION IN A LOGISTICS COMPANY USING THE AHP
Iva SAVIĆ, Vesna SPASOJEVIĆ BRKIĆ, Martina PERIŠIĆ JOKIĆ, Mirjana MISIT
Abstract: A clear research gap exists in the field of robotic automation of business processes, particularly within logistics and supply chain management. The goal of this paper is to establish an innovative, structured approach for selecting among multiple proposed processes to support higher-quality and more reliable managerial decision-making regarding business process automation in logistics companies, utilizing the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. Specific criteria and sub-criteria are defined based on the company's needs, along with suitable numerical and verbal scales for evaluating alternatives. The alternatives represent processes considered for automation within the QMS (Quality Management System) and IT (Information Technology) sector. For hierarchical structure modelling, the Criterium DecisionPlus software is used. The analysis enables the identification of the priority process for automation. Additionally, the impact of changes in criterion priorities on the process ranking is examined as a simulation of potential changes in managerial decision-making. The results indicate that the proposed model is stable and reliable for process ranking. Therefore, the proposed methodology represents a practical tool that can potentially be applied in related companies when choosing priorities in digital transformation processes. A proposal for further research is the risk assessment of the automation of the analyzed processes.
Keywords: AHP; Process prioritization; RPA; Criterium DecisionPlus; Logistics.
DOI: 10.5937/JEMC2600002S
Miloš VORKAPIĆ, Aleksandar JOVANOVIĆ, Miloš VASIĆ, Dragoljub TANOVIĆ, Nataša ĐALIĆ
Abstract: This paper examines the numerical simulation within the circular economy framework. The numerical simulation of an electronics enclosure was analysed in two cases. The first case referred to the FEM analysis of the enclosure behavior under a uniform load applied to the cover and to the connection between the cover and the central part. Additionally, the impact of the enclosure striking a hard surface and its behavior after a fall were evaluated. The second direction concerned the application of the Slicer software platform, and the printing parameters were also defined. All preparations were made before the prototype was implemented. So, during design and after simulations, the designer can adjust the model's dimensions or redesign the existing product. This paper describes the strategy that designers should apply in the implementation of the redesigned product. Numerical simulations as an input element of CE reduce the risk of failed prototypes, and their importance is reflected in the rapid prototyping without loss of material or consumption of other resources, reliable analysis of prototypes, identification of critical zones, and the possibility of recycling planning. For comprehensive analysis and product certification, experimental testing and the use of recycled materials are required.
Keywords: Circular economy; Additive manufacturing; Numerical simulation; Electronic enclosure; FEM; Slicer.
DOI: 10.5937/JEMC2600006V
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